| 摘要: |
| 极端波浪要素是珊瑚岛礁护岸工程设计的重要参数。利用大比尺波浪水槽，采用1∶15的模型比尺开展试验，从波浪形态、增水、波速、波谱等方面研究了珊瑚岛礁护岸对礁坪上极端波浪传播特性的影响规律。护岸工程产生了明显的阻水效应：对于波浪形态，反射波的影响使得波浪在礁缘破碎更为剧烈；显著增加了礁坪增水，最大增水值是自然地形下的4倍，影响在波周期较短时更为显著；减小了波速约20%~35%，其影响随波周期的减小而增强；对于波谱，护岸的存在使得波浪的非线性相互作用更加复杂，降低了波浪在礁缘处的主频能量，但同时增大了礁坪上的主频及高频能量；护岸距礁缘距离对堤前水位具有重要影响，随该距离的增加，堤前时均水位先增加后降低。 |
| 关键词: 珊瑚礁 护岸 极端波浪 增水 破碎 波谱 |
| DOI：10.12170/201906007 |
| 分类号:TV139.26 |
| 基金项目:中国科协青年人才托举工程（2018QNRC001）；国家杰出青年科学基金(51425091)；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费(TKS190201，TKS180102)；水沙科学与水灾害防治湖南省重点实验室开放基金(2019SS01) |
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| Experimental study on impact of revetments on extreme wave propagation characteristics on coral reefs |
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CHEN Songgui1,2, ZHENG Jinhai1, WANG Zeming1,2, CHEN Hanbao2, ZHANG Chi1
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1.Key Laboratory of Coastal Disaster and Defence (Hohai University), Ministry of Education， Nanjing;2.Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering
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| Abstract: |
| Extreme wave is the key parameter for engineering design on reefs. In this research, a 1∶15 physical model is used to study the influences of revetments on extreme wave propagation characteristics in a large wave flume of Tianjin Research Institute for Water and Transport Engineering. Wave shape, wave setup, wave celerity and wave spectrum are analyzed. The experimental results show that construction of revetment has notable water-blocking effect. From the aspect of wave shape, the influence of reflection wave makes waves break more intensely at the reef edge. Wave setup increases significantly on the reef with revetment than without revetment. The maximum wave setup is 4 times of that of the natural reef. The influences of revetment on wave setup become more significant as wave period decreases. Wave celerity decreases by 20%～35% after construction of revetment. Regarding the spectrum, the existence of revetment makes the nonlinear interaction of waves more complex. The peak frequency energy of waves at the reef edge is lower, but the main frequency and high frequency energy on the reef flat are higher. In addition, the influence of the distance of the revetment from the reef edge on the water level in front of the revetment is studied. With the increase of the distance, the average water level in front of the revetment increases firstly and then decreases. |
| Key words: reefs revetment wave setup wave celerity wave spectrum |
