引用本文:张靓,杨具瑞,陈玉壮.掺气坎角度对溢流坝阶梯面掺气空腔的影响[J].水利水运工程学报,2017,(6):45-52
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掺气坎角度对溢流坝阶梯面掺气空腔的影响
张靓1, 杨具瑞1, 陈玉壮2
1.昆明理工大学现代农业工程学院，云南昆明;2.河海大学水文水资源学院，江苏南京
摘要:
在宽尾墩+阶梯溢流坝+消力池一体化消能工中利用前置掺气坎连接WES曲面与阶梯溢流坝，能有效增加阶梯面掺气，避免阶梯遭受空化空蚀破坏。主要引用水气两相流VOF方法的RNG k-ε模型，采用几何重建方式对水气面附近进行插值以及利用PISO算法和非定常流算法进行数值模拟，模拟前置掺气坎角度8°，10°和113°时阶梯溢流坝上坎后掺气空腔长度及阶梯面压力分布，模拟范围从库区至消力池尾部。为验证模拟计算的可靠性，对阶梯溢流坝坎后掺气空腔进行模型试验，通过坎后空腔长度模拟值与实测值的对比分析，发现两者吻合较好，最大偏差为79%。模拟结果表明，掺气空腔长度随前置掺气坎角度的增加而增加，阶梯近壁面最大负压绝对值及压力随前置掺气坎角度的增加而增加且负压分布范围逐渐扩大。
关键词:  工程水力学  RNG k-ε模型  三维数值模拟  掺气空腔
DOI：
分类号:TV135
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（51569010）
Influences of pre-aerator angle variations on length of aerated cavity and pressure of stepped spillway
ZHANG Liang1, YANG Jurui1, CHEN Yuzhuang2
1.Modern Agricultural Engineering College, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming;2.College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing
Abstract:
Using a pre-aerator to connect WES curved surface with the stepped spillway in an integrative energy dissipater combination which includes flaring gate pier, stepped spillway and stilling basin can effectively increase the stepped surface aeration and protect stepped spillway from cavitation. The authors of this paper have utilized a RNG k-εturbulence model and a water-vapor VOF model, made geometry reconstruction for interpolation, and used PISO and an unsteady algorithm to simulate the aerated cavity length and pressure distribution of the stepped spillway under the conditions of different pre-aerator angles of 8°, 10° and 11.3°; the simulation range is from the upstream reservoir to the downstream stilling basin. In order to verify the reliability of the numerical simulation, the model experiment of the stepped spillway for the aerated cavity was conducted. From analysis and comparison of the measured values and the simulated values of the aerated carity length, it is found that there is a small deviation between both values, and the maximum error is 7.9%. The numerical simulation results indicate that the aerated cavity length increases with the enlargement of the pre-aerator angle; the absolute values of the maximum negative pressures and shock pressures of the stepped surface increase with the augment of the pre-aerator angles; and the range of the negative pressure distribution is expanding gradually.
Key words:  engineering hydraulics  RNG k-ε model  3-D numerical simulation  aerated cavity
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