| 摘要: |
| 在汛期等极端条件下，渗漏是溃堤、垮坝的先兆险情，及时有效地应急处理渗漏病害是切断堤坝溃决灾害链的关键举措。基于一种水下熔化相变材料应急封堵渗漏通道的新方法，开展了石蜡材料水下熔融、渗漏通道自吸入式封堵的试验研究，分析了其封堵效果并总结了相关规律。通过分段量测渗漏通道中的石蜡，经卷积平滑处理出封堵材料沿封堵长度的质量分布曲线，定性描述了石蜡封堵材料在渗漏通道中凝固后的分布情况，并分析了封堵完成后的残余材料。结果表明：封堵过程中，熔融的石蜡材料与周围水体结合良好，易涌入渗漏通道，可实现稳定封堵；封堵长度和有效封堵材料量与初始渗漏流速正相关，封堵线密度随着初始渗漏流速的增加而减小；针对石蜡封堵状态的特征，可将封堵长度划分为碎裂密实段、松散破碎段和断裂密实段。封堵完成后，设备中的残余材料剖面呈楔形状，且残余质量波动幅度较小。 |
| 关键词: 堤坝渗漏 应急封堵 新技术 相变材料 封堵状态 |
| DOI：10.12170/201905007 |
| 分类号:TV871.3 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划资助项目（2016YFC0401610）；国家自然科学基金重点项目（51739008）；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目（Y417010） |
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| Experimental studies on underwater self-nhaled sealing state of phase change materials |
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ZHANG Shenghang1, TANG Lei1, JIA Yu2,3, WANG Yulei2,3
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1.State Key Laboratory of HydrologyWater Resources and Hydraulic Engineering， Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing;2.State Key Laboratory of Hydrology－Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering， Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing;3.College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering， Hohai University, Nanjing
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| Abstract: |
| Under extreme conditions such as flood season, leakage is the precursor of dam burst and dam break. The key measure to cut off the disaster chain of dam break is emergency handling of leakage timely and effectively. Based on a new method of emergency sealing leakage passage with underwater melting phase-hange materials, the experimental studies of “self-nhaled” sealing of leakage passage and underwear melting of the paraffin wax are carried out, the sealing effects are analyzed and the relevant laws are summarized in this paper. Moreover, by measuring the paraffin wax in the leakage passage segmentally, the mass distribution curve of the sealing material along the sealing length is smoothed by convolution, the distribution of the solidified paraffin wax in the leakage passage is described qualitatively and the residual material after the sealing is analyzed. The analysis results show that the melted paraffin wax has good bonding with the surrounding water and is easy to gush into the leakage passage to achieve stable sealing in the process of sealing. Furthermore, the sealing length and the amount of effective sealing material are positively correlated with the initial leakage velocity, and the sealing intensity decreases with the increase of the initial leakage velocity. According to the characteristics of the paraffin wax sealing state, the sealing length can be divided into fractured compact section, loose fractured section and fractured compact section. After the sealing is completed, the residual material profile in the equipment is “wedge-haped”, and the fluctuation of residual mass is slight. |
| Key words: dam leakage emergency sealing new technology phase change material sealing state |
