| 摘要: |
| 微模型试验技术具有模型规模小、试验周期短和经济性好等优势，可用于研究大范围和复杂系统的江湖关系问题，但国内应用实例较少，其相似理论和模型设计关键技术值得深入研究。基于研究长江与鄱阳湖江湖倒灌规律的需要，探讨了江湖倒灌微模型应遵循的相似律和微模型设计方法，提出了微模型阻力相似及模型物理量测控的解决方案，建立了平面比尺1∶6 500、垂直比尺1∶150的长江-鄱阳湖-“五河”尾闾微模型。经实测水文资料验证，该模型在水位、流速及长江对鄱阳湖倒灌时间和倒灌流量等方面与原体具有较好相似性，所用模型设计和模拟方法为进一步推广微模型试验技术提供了理论依据，为研究河流、湖泊、河口、海岸等大尺度和复杂水沙运动问题提供了参考。 |
| 关键词: 微模型 鄱阳湖 倒灌 流量变态 江湖关系 |
| DOI：10.12170/201905006 |
| 分类号:TV149.2 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFC0407802-3,2018YFC0407803)；国家自然科学基金青年项目(51609146)；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(Y218012，Y218002);江苏省科技项目（BM2018028) |
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| Microscale model simulation of backflow influences of Yangtze River on Poyang Lake |
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WANG Zhihuan1,2, ZHU Lijun1, WANG Jianzhong1, FAN Hongxia1, LIU Beibei1, CHEN Huai1
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1.State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering， Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute， Nanjing;2.Jiangsu Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing
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| Abstract: |
| Microscale model test technology has the advantages of small scale, short test cycle and good economical efficiency. It can be used to study the river-lake relationships of large-scale and complex systems. However, there are few domestic application examples. The key technical issues associated with similarity theory and microscale model design need to be further studied. Based on the need of studying the law of backflow from the Yangtze River into Poyang Lake, in this paper, we discuss the similarity laws and the design method of the microscale model which should be followed in the microscale mode for backflow from the Yangtze River into Poyang Lake, put forward the solution of the resistance similarity of the microscale model and the measurement and control of the physical quantities of the model, and establish a microscale model for the Yangtze River-Poyang Lake-tail channels of “five Rivers” in Jiangxi with the horizontal scale of 1∶6 500 and the vertical scale of 1∶150. Through the verification of the measured hydrological data, the microscale model shows a good similarity with the prototype in terms of water level, flow velocity and duration and flow rate of water from the Yangtze River flowing backward into Poyang Lake. The model design and simulation method proposed in this paper provide a theoretical basis for further promotion of the microscale model test technology and provide reference for the study of the large-scale and complex water-sediment movement problems of rivers, lakes, estuaries and coasts. |
| Key words: microscale model Poyang Lake backward flowing(backflow) flow transformation relationships between rivers and lakes |
