| 摘要: |
| 随着对黄河水资源利用要求的提高，需明确未来调水调沙及南水北调西线工程对黄河上游梯级水库所需库容的影响，探求未来多工况用水要求下合理的梯级水库兴利库容。考虑黄河上游兰州断面需水、梯级水库发电、调水调沙、防洪、防凌等要求，首先建立了以缺水量最小为目标的梯级水库联合调度模型，设置了现状年及远景年共8个方案；其次采用自迭代模拟优化算法求解模型，用长系列径流资料进行优化调度计算；最后对模型求解结果采用时历法推求梯级水库所需兴利库容，确定梯级水库合理库容。从总调沙次数、调沙频率、多年供水量、供水保证率、多年平均发电量、发电保证率等指标分别量化了调水调沙、供水和发电效益。未来梯级水库所需合理库容将因综合需水和调沙次数的增加而增大，而西线工程的实施将有助于减小合理库容规模。在各调沙方案中，仅当2030年西线调水80亿m3时现有的梯级水库兴利库容能够满足综合用水需求，适当降低调沙力度与调沙频率或许是解决这一矛盾的折衷选择。研究成果量化了未来新水资源利用形势下的梯级水库合理库容，为科学指导黄河上游总体工程布局提供了决策依据。 |
| 关键词: 黄河上游 合理库容 自迭代模拟优化算法 调水调沙 西线工程 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TV212.4; TV697 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(51679187, 91647112)； 国家重点研发计划资助项目（2016YFC0400906） |
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| Analysis of joint regulation of water and sediment and reasonable storage of cascade reservoirs of upper Yellow River |
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JIN Wenting1, WANG Yimin1, BAI Tao1, SHI Jingtao2
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1.State Key Laboratory of Ecohydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China (Xian University of Technology), Xian;2.State Grid Shaanxi Ankang Hydropower Station, Ankang
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| Abstract: |
| Clarifying the influences of the water-sediment regulation and the west route of the South-North Water Transfer Project on the reservoir capacity of the cascade reservoirs at the upper Yellow River in the future，and exploring the reasonable benefical reservoir capacity of the cascade reservoirs in case of the comprehensive water consumption， and in consideration of the comprehensive demands of water supply in the Lanzhou section, power generation and water-sediment regulation by the cascade reservoirs, flood control and ice flood protection, a joint operation model for cascade reservoirs considering the minimization of water deficiencies is developed with eight schemes for the current and prospective years. The self iterative simulation optimization algorithm is used to solve the model, and the long series runoff data are applied to optimize the operation calculation. The time series method is used to deduce the benefical reservoir capacity of the cascade reservoirs and determine the reasonable capacity of the cascade reservoirs. The benefits of the water-sediment regulation, power supply and power generation are quantified according to the frequency of the water and sediment regulation, average annual water supply quantity, guarantee rate of water supply, and average annual energy output and power generating guarantee rate. The analysis results show that the reasonable reservoir capacity of the cascade reservoirs will increase with the increase of comprehensive water demand and the water-sediment regulation frequency, and that the implementation of the west route of the South-North Water Transfer Project will help to reduce the scale of the reasonable capacity. Only eighth of the sediment regulation schemes show that the beneficial reservoir capacity of the cascade reservoirs can meet the comprehensive water demand, and that reducing the intensity and frequency of the water-sediment regulation may be a compromise to solve this problem. The research results can provide a scientific reference for the overall layout of the upper reaches of the Yellow River in the future. |
| Key words: upper Yellow River reasonable reservoir capacity self iteration simulation optimization algorithm water sediment regulation the west route of South to North Water Transfer Project |
