引用本文:尹硕,潘毅,陈永平.基于局部拟合法的低能沙质海岸比尺设计[J].水利水运工程学报,2017,(4):43-51
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基于局部拟合法的低能沙质海岸比尺设计
尹硕1,2, 潘毅1,2, 陈永平1,2
1.河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室，江苏南京;2.河海大学港口海岸与近海工程学院，江苏南京
摘要:
在波浪作用下的泥沙运动过程中，由于泥沙粒径的大小会影响到波浪边界层的紊动状态，以及泥沙沉降时绕流的紊动状态，进而影响其沉降和起动的规律，故波浪作用下的沙质海岸动床物理模型的比尺向来是一个复杂问题，其设计需要对各种因素进行衡量与取舍。而对于我国渤海、黄海沿岸常见的沙质海岸，其粒径范围决定了沉降时的绕流处于层流、紊流的过渡状态，沉降规律更为复杂，使其比尺设计更加困难。针对我国黄、渤海沿岸常见的低能沙质海岸波浪动床试验的泥沙比尺设计问题，探讨了适用于低能沙质海岸的比尺准则，剖析了比尺设计的难点，并提出了适用于一定泥沙粒径范围内比尺设计的局部拟合法。基于局部拟合法，针对低能沙质海岸剖面波浪动床试验，提出了相应的泥沙起动、沉速比尺关系式。
关键词:  局部拟合法  比尺设计  低能沙质海岸  波浪动床试验  海岸剖面
DOI：
分类号:TV148
基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目（51309092)；河海大学中央高校基本科研业务费——青年教师科研创新能力培养项目(2015B16014)
Scale design based on local curve fitting method for low-energy sandy beach
YIN Shuo1,2, PAN Yi1,2, CHEN Yongping1,2
1.State Key Laboratory of HydrologyWater Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing;2.College of Harbor, Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing
Abstract:
In the process of sediment movement under the action of waves, the size of sediment can influence the turbulence of the wave boundary layer and the turbulence of the detouring flow during sediment deposition. Since the properties of sediment can affect the regime of settlement and initiation of motion, it is always a complex problem for a coastal mobile bed model of the sandy beach to determine the physical scales under wave action. It is also difficult to make measurements and decisions under various conditions. The detouring flow during sediment deposition has three different states: laminar flow state, transition state and turbulent flow state. For the common sandy beach of the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea in China, the range of sediment size determines which state of the detouring flow it belongs to. This makes the regime of settlement more complex and the design of physical scale more difficult. This paper aims to solve the problems of determining the physical scale of the coastal mobile bed model concerning the sandy beach of the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea. A criterion of scale for the low-energy sandy beach is discussed and difficulties of the scale design are analyzed in this study. The method of the scale design based on a local curve fitting for a particular sediment size range is proposed and it overcomes obstacles of design. The relationships between the sediment settling velocities and initiation of motion are proposed for the coastal mobile bed model of the low-energy sandy beach based on the local curve fitting.
Key words:  local curve fitting  design of scale  low energy sandy beach  coastal mobile bed model  beach profile
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