| 摘要: |
| BREACH模型常用来模拟水库大坝漫顶及管涌溃坝模式并获取溃口流量与时间关系，MIKE21模型常用来模拟湖泊、河口、海湾等二维水动力学并获取洪泛区内洪水风险信息要素，两大模型耦合分析在保障水库大坝安全运行及风险管理方面发挥了积极作用。以BREACH模型模拟溃口流量动态数据过程与溃口演变尺寸为基础，通过ArcGIS预处理地形文件、工程建筑物参数与水文数据，构建MIKE21二维水动力学模型并计算网格差值空间，利用Flow Model模块生成溃坝洪水模拟文件，采用判别溃口流量差值是否满足精度要求的迭代法来耦合两大模型，最终结合所要分析水库大坝的工程概况，计算不同风险情况下的水库大坝溃坝洪水淹没水深与范围，进而模拟溃坝洪水演进过程。该方法已成功应用于郑州常庄水库风险分析，结果表明，该方法能客观反映溃坝洪水行洪情况，使用方便，为水库大坝运行管理与应急处置提供了一定的技术支持。 |
| 关键词: BREACH模型 MIKE21模型 溃坝风险 耦合分析 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TV122+.4 |
| 基金项目:水利部公益性行业科研专项项目（201501033） |
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| Coupling analysis of MIKE21 model and BREACH model for dam-break risk |
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YANG De-wei1,2, SHENG Jin-bao1,2, PENG Xue-hui1,2, HE Jia-zhuo1
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1.Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing;2.Dam Safety Management Center of the Ministry of Water Resources, Nanjing
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| Abstract: |
| The BREACH model is widely used to simulate overtopping and piping dam-break model of the reservoir dams and obtain the relationships between breach flow and time. The MIKE21 model is commonly used to simulate the two-dimensional hydrodynamics of lakes, estuaries, bays and other areas and obtain the flood risk information elements within flood plains. Coupling analysis of two models has a positive effect in the protection of the reservoir dam safety operation and risk management. Based on the analysis of two models application examples in recent years, starting from the modeling principle of BREACH model, simulation of the breach dynamic flow data process and the breach evolution size with BREACH model can obtain the combining input parameters of BREACH model. Through ArcGIS preconditioning terrain file, the engineering structure parameters and hydrological data, a MIKE21 two-dimensional hydrodynamic model is developed, which is divided into the unstructured triangular grid and computational grid difference spaces, and via the Flow Model a two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation file is generated for the dam-break flood. Coupling the two models by an iterative method to judge the breach flow differences (the differences between the flood flow of the grids where the breach is placed in MIKE21 model and the calculated breach flow in BREACH model) whether to meet the accuracy requirements. Finally, combining with the general engineering situation of the reservoir dams needed to be analyzed, the reservoir dam-break flood submerged water depth, submerged area and flood incoming time are calculated under the different risk conditions, and then the dam-break flood routing process is simulated. This method is successfully applied to the risk analysis and emergency plan preparation for Changzhuang reservoir in Zhengzhou City of Henan Province. The analysis results show that the method can objectively reflect the dam-break flood situations, being easy to use, and provide some technical supports in working out the emergency measures for the operation and management of the reservoir dam. |
| Key words: BREACH model MIKE21 model dam break risk coupling analysis |
