| 摘要: |
| 航道整治建筑物及防护结构的模型试验中，往往采取一些简化方式进行模拟，由此对试验结果的影响目前尚无定论，试验规程也无相应的技术要求指导试验中防护结构物的模拟。基于相似理论提出了整治建筑物及防护结构模型的相似条件与设计方法。在可调密度易成型复合材料研发的基础上，提出了小比尺防护结构的模拟技术。通过水槽试验研究了软体排联接方式与几何相似偏离对软体排模拟的影响。结果表明小比尺的软体排与框架宜采用密度可调、形状可重塑的复合材料进行模拟；D型软体排的压载块与排布系结简化为粘结方式时，对排体的稳定性与变形特征没有影响；混凝土联锁块软体排采用粘结方式对排体的稳定性无影响，对变形相似初期有一定影响，后期无明显影响；在保证压载块质量相似而放弃几何相似时，将影响排体的临界失稳底流速与失稳模式。研究结果可为防护结构的模拟提供技术参考，也为相关试验规程的修订提供技术支撑。 |
| 关键词: 航道工程 整治建筑物模拟 软体排模拟 水槽试验 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:U617.9 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（51579216，51309160）； 西部交通建设科技项目（201132874640） |
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| Simulation technology of waterway regulation structures and protective structures |
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CAO Min-xiong1, MA Ai-xing1, HU Ying1, DENG Ya2
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1.State Key Laboratory of Hydrology Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing;2.Hohai University, Nanjing
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| Abstract: |
| In previous experiments on the local scour and protective structures around the navigable waterway regulation structures, several simple simulation methods were utilized for dikes, flexible mattress and frame structures. The influences of these methods on experiment results are not available, and there are not any relevant technical requirements on structure model experiments in the test regulations. In this paper, on the basis of similarity theory, similarity conditions and design methods are proposed for the studies of local scour and protective structures around the navigable waterway regulation structures; based on the composites with characteristics of adjustable density and easy forming, the simulation technology of small scale protective structures is developed; and the influences of joint pattern and geometric similarity deviation on the simulation of the flexible mattresses are studied through flume experiments. The analysis results mentioned above show that the small scale flexible mattress and frame structures should be simulated by a kind of composites having adjustable density and variable formation. Simplifying a tied concrete interlocking block of the D type fiexible mattress as a glued concrete interlocking block has no influences on stability and variation characteristics of the mattress, and the glued concrete interlocking flexible mattress has no influences on the mattress, only having a slight influence on the initial deformation similarity and no great influence on the late. Keeping mass similarity and neglecting geometric similanity of the interlocking block will influence critical instability induced bottom velocities and instable modes of the mattress. The research results could provide a technical reference for the simulation of the local scour and protective structures, and for the modification of the relevant test regulations and codes. |
| Key words: waterway engineering simulation of regulation structures flexible mattresses simulation flume experiments |
