| 摘要: |
| 随着沿海地区经济和城市群一体化的高速发展，作为重要交通工程的跨海大桥和作为重要海洋防灾工程的海塘的规模与数量也是与日俱增。但在强潮区域，受水流影响，桥梁、海塘等海洋结构物周围产生严重的局部冲刷，对它们的安全运行造成了重要的威胁。而对这些海洋结构物的局部冲刷进行实时监测和研究分析已成为目前海洋工程安全领域的关键难点。本文通过总结分析过往的冲刷监测技术的优缺点及其适用性，研发了多波束定点实时监测系统，改进了数据采集方法，为冲刷机理研究和海洋建筑物防灾减灾提供实时的时间序列、全覆盖水下地形数据。并通过实测数据拟合适用于跨海大桥的冲刷计算公式，为桥墩及海塘等结构物的冲刷机理研究和冲刷过程预测预报提供重要的冲刷基础数据和计算方法。 |
| 关键词: 局部冲刷 实时监测 多波束 全覆盖水下地形 时序数据 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目(42177450,41876095,52078461)、浙江省交通运输厅科技计划项目(2021064)、浙江省水利河口研究院长基金重点项目（ZIHE21Z007） |
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| The Construction and Application of Fixed-point and Real-time Monitoring System basing on Multibeam Sounding System |
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LI Zuisen1, Zhang Qi2, Wei Ronghao1, Zhang Zhiyong1, Wu Zhimin3, Xia Xiaoliang4
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1.Zhejiang Institute of Hydraulics and Estuary (Zhejiang Institute of Marine Planning and Design)，Hangzhou;2.Fuyang District Agricultural and Rural Bureau,Hangzhou;3.Zhejiang Shuren University,Hangzhou;4.Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Bridge Development Co., Ltd.
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| Abstract: |
| With the rapid development of economics and urban integration in coastal areas, the amounts of wading constructions such as sea-crossing bridges and natural disasters-prevention sea-walls increase faster. However, in tidal race waters, severe sectional scour induced by tidal flows often appears around marine structures and has been the main threat to those marine structures. Hence, the real-time monitoring and the study of sectional scouring of bridge piers and seawalls become the key to solve the difficulties. This article analyzed the applications as well as the strengths and shortcomings of former technologies of scouring monitoring, so then researched and developed the fixed-point multi-beam echo sounder monitoring system of real-time. The system offers underwater topographic data of real-time time serials and full coverage, and also supports the study of scouring as well as the prevention and reduction of disasters in wading constructions through those data. This article also proposed a fitting formula from the data observed by the system that provides with a method for calculating the scour depth, so as to support the study of souring mechanism and the forecast of scouring process with key basic scouring data and a calculating method. |
| Key words: Local Scour Real-time Monitoring Multibeam Sounding System Underwater Terrain Time Series Data |
