| 摘要: |
| 本文试验研究了三个相对粗糙度（0.51、0.86、1.34)和六个坡度(-0.02、-0.03、-0.04、-0.05、-0.07、-0.1)对反坡正弦波形底板上F型水跃水力特性的影响。在弗汝德数从5到11的范围内，总共进行了57次试验。试验结果表明，与经典水跃和光滑底板上的F型水跃相比，反坡正弦波形底板能有效地减少漩滚长度和共轭水深比，粗糙底板有利于稳定F型水跃。剖面速度分布对相对粗糙度比反坡坡度更敏感，坡度和相对粗糙度影响这些速度剖面的相似性和边界层厚度的发展。在距离F型水跃起始点0.4倍的漩滚长度附近，剖面速度分布最不均匀；在1.2倍的漩滚长度后，剖面动量修正系数基本上都接近1.0。反坡正弦波形底板的综合剪切应力系数是水平光滑床的10 ~ 16倍，这表明反坡正弦波形底板在短距离消能方面非常有效。 |
| 关键词: 反坡水跃 粗糙底板 共轭水深比 剪切应力 消能率。 |
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| Experimental Study on Hydraulic Characteristics of F-type jumps over Adverse-sloped Sinusoidal Corrugated Beds |
|
Lizhen
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Sichuan Water Conservancy Vocational College
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| Abstract: |
| In this paper, a total of 57 tests were performed to investigate the effects of three relative roughness (0.51, 0.86, 1.34) and six slopes (-0.02, -0.03, -0.04, -0.05, -0.07, -0.1) on hydraulic characteristics of F-type jumps over adverse-sloped sinusoidal-corrugated beds, whose Froude Number ranged from 5 to 11. The experimental results show that, compared to the classic hydraulic jump and the F-type jump on the smooth bed, the adverse-sloped sinusoidal-corrugated bed could effectively reduce the roller length and sequent depth ratio. And the rough bed was beneficial to stabilize the F-type jump. The velocity profiles were more sensitive to the relative roughness than the slope, and the relative roughness affected the similarity of these velocity profiles and the development of boundary layer thickness. The velocity profile was most uneven near 0.4 times roller length away from the initial point of the F-type jump. After 1.2 times the roller length, the momentum correction coefficient of the profile was almost 1.0. The shear force coefficient of the adverse-sloped corrugated bed was 10~16 times that of the horizontal-smooth bed, which indicated that the adverse-sloped sinusoidal-corrugated bed was very effective in energy dissipation over short distances. |
| Key words: adverse jump rough beds sequent depth ratio shear stress energy dissipation rate |
