| 摘要: |
| 饮用水源地水环境安全事关人民生命健康，是生态环保工作的重中之重。饮用水源地保护区划分以类比经验法为主，无法反映保护区内水质指标的时空分布及达标情况。本文利用EFDC建立白石水库垂向平均的二维模型，模拟其水动力和水环境变化过程，对水库水龄、污染物迁移衰减规律进行分析，评价类比经验法划定的饮用水水源保护区的合理性。通过验证水位库容曲线、丰平枯三种典型年水位对应曲线的RRE均＜0.1，NSE均大于0.85，水质模拟曲线模拟趋势与实测数据一致，模型可靠。研究发现，在丰平枯三种典型年条件下坝前平均水龄分别为304.4 d、656.4 d、673.2 d，水库水力交换周期长；在丰平枯三种水动力条件及设计污染物边界条件下模拟污染物衰减过程，结果表明除丰水年氨氮在取水口超标外，其余条件下取水口水质均可达标；以116 m水位（库首）对应高程线以下全部水域为一级保护区的划分范围可以满足取水口水质要求，验证了上述策略在保护区划分上的合理性。 |
| 关键词: 饮用水水源保护区 数值模拟 白石水库 EFDC |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目） |
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| Rationality evaluation of the delineation of drinking water source protection regions in the Baishi Reservoir based on EFDC |
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chengran1, li Jing2, REN Hua-tang1, XIA Jian-xin1
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1.College of Life and Environmental Science, Minzu University of China;2.Beipiao Institute of environmental sciences
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| Abstract: |
| The safety of the water environment in drinking water source areas is of vital importance to the lives and health of people, and is the top priority of ecological protection work. Delineations of drinking water source areas are mainly based on the analogue-empirical method, which cannot reflect the spatial and temporal distributions, or the compliance of water quality indicators in protection areas. In this paper, the Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code (EFDC) was used to establish a two-dimensional vertical average model of the Baishi Reservoir. Its hydrodynamic and water environment change processes were simulated. The water age, eutrophication, and law of pollutant migration and attenuation were then analyzed to evaluate the rationality of the drinking water source protection zone as delineated by the analogue-empirical method. Through the verification of water level and storage capacity curves, and the verification of three typical annual water-level corresponding curves, RRE < 0.1 and NSE > 0.85. The simulation trend of the water quality simulation curve is consistent with the measured data, and the model is reliable. The study found that the average water ages in front of the dam are 304.4 d, 656.4 d, and 673.2 d, under the three typical annual conditions of high flow year, median flow year, and low flow year, respectively. The reservoir has long hydraulic exchange periods and is prone to eutrophication. The attenuation process of pollutants was simulated under the above three hydrodynamic conditions and the boundary conditions of the designed pollutants. The results demonstrated that the water quality of the water inlet was generally up to the standard, although the ammonia nitrogen in the high flow year exceeded the standard in the water inlet. The simulation results also showed that the delineations of all water areas below the 116 m water level as the first-grade protection zones can meet the water quality requirements of the water intake. The delineation of drinking water source protection regions is therefore reasonable. |
| Key words: drinking water source protection zones numerical modeling Baishi Reservoir EFDC |
