| 摘要: |
| 为量化水电开发利用对当地水资源消耗情况，本文引入水电站水足迹概念，以雅砻江流域梯级水电站群为研究对象，选择总水量消耗法，利用多年实测资料，考虑三种空间系统边界（一库一级，一库多级，流域整体），计算了干流7座水电站的水足迹。结果表明：1）雅砻江流域7座水电站的水足迹范围为0.01-2.91 m3GJ-1，平均水足迹为1.13 m3GJ-1，小于其他空间尺度研究的水足迹，表明雅砻江流域水电开发利用的水资源利用效率高于其他地区、流域；2）水电站水足迹主要受能效因子（单位装机容量的库区水面面积）和地形因子（库区水面面积与库区平均水深比）影响，且具有较好的正相关性，其相关指数分别为0.9507和0.7831，而蒸发深度和气象因子（降雨量和气温）对水电站水足迹大小的影响较小；3）水电站水足迹大小与空间系统边界的设定有关，需根据水电站实际运行方式来选择合适的空间系统边界，避免计算结果出现较大偏差。 |
| 关键词: 水资源利用 水电站水足迹 总水量消耗法 影响因子 空间系统边界 雅砻江流域 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFC0404605）；国家自然科学基金项目（51709178） |
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| Calculation and analysis of water footprint of hydropower stations in Yalong River Basin |
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yulei, JIA Benyou, WU Shiqiang, WU Xiufeng, XU Peng, WEI Jinli
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Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute
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| Abstract: |
| In order to quantify the effect of hydropower development and utilization for local water resources, this paper introduces the concept of water footprint, taking the cascade reservoirs in the Yalong River Basin as the research object, selecting the total water consumption method, using the measured data for many years, and considering three system space boundaries to calculate the water footprint of the seven hydropower stations. The results show that water footprint of the seven hydropower stations in the Yalong River Basin ranges from 0.01 to 2.91 m3GJ-1 and the average water footprint is 1.13 m3GJ-1, which is smaller than other water footprints of global and national spatial scales. It also means that the utilization efficiency of water resource of hydropower development and utilization in the basin is higher than that of other regions and river basins. The water footprint of the hydropower station is mainly affected by the energy efficiency factor (water surface area of the reservoir area per unit installed capacity) and the topographic factor (the water surface area of the reservoir area and the average water depth ratio of the reservoir area), which has a good positive correlation and the correlation indexes are 0.9507 and 0.7831, respectively. However, the evaporation depth and meteorological factors (rainfall and temperature) have less impact on the water footprint of hydropower stations. The water footprint of the hydropower station is related to the setting of the boundary of the space system. It is necessary to select the appropriate space system boundary according to the actual operation of the hydropower station to avoid large deviation of the calculation results. |
| Key words: water resources utilization water footprint of hydropower station total water consumption method impact factor space system boundary Yalong River Basin |
