| 摘要: |
| 在汛期等极端条件下，渗漏是溃堤、垮坝的先兆险情，及时有效的应急处理渗漏病害是切断堤坝溃决灾害链的关键举措。本文基于一种水下熔化相变材料应急封堵渗漏通道的新方法，开展了石蜡材料水下熔融、渗漏通道“自吸入”式封堵的试验研究，分析了其封堵效果并总结了相关规律，通过分段量测渗漏通道中的石蜡，经卷积平滑处理出沿封堵长度的封堵材料质量分布曲线，定性描述了石蜡封堵材料在渗漏通道中凝固后的分布情况，并对封堵完成后的残余材料进行了分析。结果表明：封堵过程中，熔融的石蜡材料与周围水体结合良好，易涌入渗漏通道，可实现稳定封堵；封堵长度和有效封堵材料量与初始渗漏流速正相关，封堵线密度随着初始渗漏流速的增加而减小；针对石蜡封堵状态的特征，可将封堵长度划分为碎裂密实段、松散破碎段和断裂密实段；封堵完成后，设备中的残余材料剖面呈“楔形”状，且残余质量波动幅度较小。 |
| 关键词: 堤坝渗漏 应急封堵 新技术 相变材料 封堵状态 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TV871.3 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0401610)、国家自然科学基金重点项目(51739008)、中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(Y17010) |
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| Experimental Study on Underwater Self-inhaled Sealing State Of Phase Change Materials |
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ZHANG Shenghang, TANG Lei, JIA Yu, WANG Yulei
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State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering,Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing
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| Abstract: |
| Under extreme conditions such as flood period, leakage is the precursor of dam burst and dam break. The key measure to cut off the disaster chain of dam break is emergency handling of leakage timely and effectively. Based on a new method of emergency sealing leakage passage with underwater melting phase-change materials, this paper carried out experimental study of "self-inhaled" sealing of leakage passage and underwear melting of paraffin wax, analyzed the sealing effect and summarized the relevant laws. Moreover, by measuring the paraffin wax in the leakage passage segmentally, mass distribution curve of the sealing material along the sealing length is smoothed by convolution, the distribution of the solidified paraffin wax in the leakage passage was described qualitatively and the residual material after the sealing was analyzed. The results show that the melted paraffin wax has good bonding with the surrounding water and is easy to gush into the leakage passage to achieve stable sealing in the process of sealing. Furthermore, the sealing length and the amount of effective sealing material are positively correlated with the initial leakage velocity, and the sealing intensity decreases with the increase of the initial leakage velocity. According to the characteristics of the paraffin wax sealing state, the sealing length can be divided into fractured compact section and loose fractured section and fractured compact section. After the sealing, the residual material profile in the equipment shows "wedge", and the fluctuation of residual mass is slight. |
| Key words: dam leakage emergency sealing new technology phase-change material sealing state |
