| 摘要: |
| 物理模型试验是研究泄洪雾化问题的主要方法，但泄洪雾化模型具有明显的缩尺效应。为了提高模型雨强换算精度，减小雾化模型缩尺效应的影响，本文基于安康、乌江渡、二滩、白山等水电站泄洪雾化雨强原、模型试验资料，按泄洪方式、消能工体型等对泄洪雾化降雨模型相似比尺进行分类研究，探索了不同分类方式下雨强比尺（Sr）转换关系中指数n (Sr=Lrn)与尺度比尺（Lr）、水流韦伯数（We）的关系。结果表明：泄洪雾化模型雨强与原型雨强的关系并不是按同一比尺指数规律变化，指数n的取值与消能工体型、泄洪方式、尺度比尺、水流韦伯数等因素有关。无论表孔、中（深）孔还是泄洪洞泄洪，模型比尺和水流韦伯数越大，雾化模型缩尺效应越小，指数n 的取值就越小。 |
| 关键词: 关 键 词：泄洪雾化 物理模型 缩尺效应 相似律 几何比尺 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TV131.61 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0401704)； 国家自然科学基金(U1765202)；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项基金(Y11806) |
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| Study on the classification of the similarity of discharge atomization rainfall model |
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YU Kaiwen, HAN Changhai, HAN Kang
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Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,State Key Laboratory of Hydrology Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering
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| Abstract: |
| Physical model test is the main way of studying the problem of discharge atomization, but discharge atomization model has obvious scale effect. In order to improve the conversion accuracy of model rainfall intensity and reduce the influence of scale effect of atomization model, based on prototype and model test data of discharge atomization rainfall intensity of Ankang, Wujiangdu, Ertan, Baishan and other hydropower stations, the similarity of discharge atomization rainfall model is classified according to the flood discharge modes and the body of energy dissipators, meanwhile, the relationship between the index n (Sr=Lrn), geometric scale (Lr) and Weber number (We) is explored under different classification methods. The results show that the relationship between rainfall intensity of flood discharge atomization model and the prototype does not change according to the same scale index. The value of index n is related to the body of energy dissipators, flood discharge modes geometric scale and Weber number. However, whether flood discharge of surface spillways, medium (deep) orifices or spillway tunnels, the larger the model scale and the number of Weber are, the smaller the scale effect of the atomization model is, as well as the smaller the value of index n is. |
| Key words: discharge atomization, physical model, scale effect, law of similitude, geometric scale |
