| 摘要: |
| 都江堰灌区是我国现存历史最悠久的特大型灌区，其来流演变规律对成都平原水资源安全保障与区域高质量发展至关重要。为厘清变化环境下都江堰灌区来流多尺度演变特征，基于岷江与白沙河1966~2019年长系列径流实测数据，综合运用Mann-Kendall趋势检验、Pettitt突变检验、Morlet小波变换及径流年内分配量化指标，从年际、年代、年内维度系统剖析灌区来流演变规律，并定量辨析了紫坪铺水库运行对径流过程的影响。结果表明：①两者年径流量整体呈递减趋势，岷江、白沙河递减速率分别为1.03亿m3/10a、0.16亿m3/10a，其中白沙河年径流序列于1984年发生显著性突变；②两者径流均存在12~24 a大尺度与4~12 a中短尺度嵌套的周期性振荡特征，岷江径流第一主周期为12 a，白沙河为19 a；③灌区径流年内分布不均，汛期径流占全年比例达75%~78%，同时非汛期径流呈上升趋势，径流不均匀系数、集中度逐年降低，径流集中期持续前移；④紫坪铺水库运行后都江堰灌区径流年内分配格局发生显著变化，春灌期补水4.75亿m3，有效改善了灌区春灌缺水困境。以上研究成果可为都江堰灌区水资源精细化管控、水利工程优化调度及水资源高效利用提供理论支撑与数据依据。 |
| 关键词: 都江堰灌区、径流演变、趋势分析、突变检验、年内分配 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TV121 |
| 基金项目:安徽省自然科学基金水科学联合基金(2048055US010)、国家自然科学基金(52509106) |
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| Multi-scale inflow Evolution Characteristics and Reservoir Effects in the Dujiangyan Irrigation District |
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Cheng Kai1,2, Zheng Xiaogang3, Ni Jin1,2, Lu Haitian1,2, Ben Peng1,2, Luo Ming4
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1.Anhui &2.Huaihe River Institute of Hvdraulic Research;3.Technical Cooperation and Exchange Center , Ministry of Water Resources;4.State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering College of Water Resources and Hydropower, Sichuan University
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| Abstract: |
| The Dujiangyan Irrigation District is the oldest existing large-scale irrigation district in China, and its inflow evolution is crucial for water resource security and high-quality development of the Chengdu Plain. To elucidate the multi-scale evolution characteristics of inflow in the Dujiangyan Irrigation District under a changing environment, long-term runoff observation data (1966–2019) from the Minjiang and Baisha rivers were analyzed. The study comprehensively employed the Mann-Kendall trend test, Pettitt mutation test, Morlet wavelet transform, and intra-annual runoff distribution indices to systematically examine inflow evolution from inter-annual, decadal, and intra-annual perspectives, and quantitatively assessed the impact of the Zipingpu Reservoir operation on runoff processes. The results showed that: ① The annual runoff at both rivers exhibited a decreasing trend, with decreasing rates of 1.03×108 m3/10a for the Minjiang River and 0.16×108 m3/10a for the Baisha River; the annual runoff series of the Baisha River experienced a significant abrupt change in 1984. ② The runoff at both rivers presented nested periodic oscillations with large scales of 12~24 a and medium-to-short scales of 4~12 a; the first dominant period was 12 a for the Minjiang River and 19 a for the Baisha River. ③ The intra-annual runoff distribution was highly uneven, with flood season runoff accounting for 75%~78% of the annual total; meanwhile, non-flood season runoff showed an increasing trend, and the unevenness coefficient, concentration degree, and concentration period all decreased or advanced over time. ④ After the operation of the Zipingpu Reservoir, the intra-annual runoff distribution in the Dujiangyan Irrigation District changed significantly, with a cumulative water supply of 4.75×108 m3 during the spring irrigation period, effectively alleviating water shortages for spring irrigation.. These findings provide theoretical support and data basis for refined water resource management, optimal scheduling of hydraulic engineering, and efficient water resource in the Dujiangyan Irrigation District. |
| Key words: SDujiangyan Irrigation District Runoff Evolution Trend Analysis Mutation Test Intra-Annual Distribution |
