| 摘要: |
| 受限水域船体周围时均流速分布对船舶航行安全具有重要影响。基于船模作用下的受限水域紊流PIV流场测试资料，探讨了船体周围时均流速的分布特征，分析了断面系数和来流条件对时均流速垂线分布及沿程分布的影响。结果表明：受限水域中纵向流速U最大值出现在船体底部，而垂向流速V最大值出现在船头处和船尾下游处。船舶底部的无量纲纵向时均流速沿垂线呈非对称的“?”型分布，垂线流速从船体底部至水槽底部先增大后减小，船尾涡旋范围内近似呈“S”型分布；纵向时均流速随断面系数的增大而减小，最大纵向时均流速约为断面平均流速的1.35倍，但最大流速出现的位置基本不随断面系数发生变化。纵向时均流速随来流速度的增大而逐渐增加，无量纲纵向时均流速呈现明显分区现象，船前及船底最大流速区范围向外扩展，船头绕流低流速区缩小，船尾后部回流区范围扩大，而来流速度的变化基本未改变最大流速出现的位置。 |
| 关键词: 受限水域 船体周围 时均流速分布 PIV水槽试验 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TV133 |
| 基金项目:广西科技计划项目（桂科AA23062023） |
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| Experimental study on the distribution law of time-averaged flow velocity around a ship in restricted water areas |
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ZHONG Liang1,2,3,2, YU Jiangxiu3, WANG Xianyao3
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1.National Engineering Research Center for Inland Waterway Regulation,Chongqing Jiaotong University;2.China;3.Key Laboratory of Hydraulic and Waterway Engineering of the Ministry of Education,Chongqing Jiaotong University
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| Abstract: |
| The distribution of time-averaged flow velocity around the hull of a ship in restricted waters has an important impact on the safety of ship navigation. Based on the PIV flow field test data of turbulent flow in restricted waters under the action of ship models, the distribution characteristics of time-averaged velocity around the hull were explored, and the effects of cross-sectional coefficients and inflow conditions on the vertical and longitudinal distribution of time-averaged velocity were analyzed. The results indicate that the maximum longitudinal flow velocity U occurs at the bottom of the ship in restricted waters, while the maximum vertical flow velocity V occurs at the bow and downstream stern of the ship. The dimensionless longitudinal time-averaged flow velocity at the bottom of the ship follows an asymmetric “?”-shaped distribution along the vertical line. The vertical flow velocity increases first and then decreases from the bottom of the ship to the bottom of the flume, and approximately follows an “S”- shaped distribution within the vortex range at the stern of the ship. The longitudinal time-averaged velocity decreases with the increase of the cross-sectional coefficient, and the maximum longitudinal time-averaged velocity is about 1.35 times the average cross-sectional velocity, but the location where the maximum velocity occurs does not change significantly with the cross-sectional coefficient. The longitudinal time-averaged flow velocity gradually increases with the increase of incoming flow velocity, and the dimensionless longitudinal time-averaged flow velocity shows a clear zoning phenomenon. The maximum flow velocity zone in front of and at the bottom of the ship expands outward, the low flow velocity zone around the bow shrinks, and the backflow zone at the rear of the stern expands. However, the change in incoming flow velocity does not significantly alter the location where the maximum flow velocity occurs. |
| Key words: restricted waters surrounding the hull time-averaged velocity distribution PIV flume test |
