| 摘要: |
| 维持河流生态流量是保障水生态系统健康的基本要求。鱼类是水生态系统生物群落中的顶级物种，因此本文基于水生态调查，以生境模拟法为基础探究山东省小清河干流的生态流量。首先利用相对重要性指数选取不同季节的鱼类指示物种，结合生境调查和相关文献绘制鱼类生境适宜性曲线，利用生境模拟法求解黄台桥、岔河和石村水文站三个生态流量控制断面满足鱼类生境适宜性要求的生态流量；其次通过计算生态流量保证率对水文学方法和生境模拟法计算的生态流量进行比选，并结合小清河航运要求，确定了小清河干流满足鱼类生境适宜性、水文节律性和航运要求的多目标生态流量。通过与三个控制断面长系列实测月平均流量比较求得多目标生态流量年平均保证率分别为98.21%、83.77%和80.13%，而岔河水文站6月份、石村水文站4、5月份保证率明显低于平均水平，需予以重点关注。 |
| 关键词: 小清河 生态流量 生境模拟法 水文学方法 航运 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TV213.4 |
| 基金项目:山东省重点研发计划项目（2023CXGC010905）；山东省水利科学研究院立院科研计划项目（SDSKYZX202121-3）；山东省流域水利管理服务中心重点水利工程研究与试验项目（XQHFHZL-KY202004）；山东省自然科学基金面上项目（ZR2021ME058） |
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| Study on the multi-objective ecological flow of the mainstream of Xiaoqing River based on fish habitat suitability |
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SHI Yuzhi1, QIAN Xiuhong2, JIANG Weiwei3, LI Mingyang1, LI Xinyu4,5,6, QIU Qingtai4,5,6, HUANG Jiwen1, DIAO Yanfang4,5,6
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1.Water Resources Research Institute of Shandong Province;2.Shandong Water Conservancy Management and Service Center of Haihe-Huaihe-Xiaoqing River Basin;3.Zibo Hydrological Center;4.College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai'5.'6.an
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| Abstract: |
| Maintaining the ecological flow of rivers is a basic requirement to ensure the health of water ecosystems. Fish is the top species in the biome of water ecosystems, so the ecological flow of the main stream of Xiaoqing River in Shandong Province is explored based on water ecology survey and habitat simulation method. Firstly, the index of relative importance is used to select fish indicator species in different seasons, the fish habitat suitability curves are drawn by combining the habitat survey and related literatures, and the ecological flows of the three ecological flow control sections of Huangtaiqiao, Chahe and Shicun Hydrological Station that satisfy the requirements of fish habitat suitability are solved using habitat simulation method. Secondly, by calculating the ecological flow guarantee rates, the ecological flows calculated by hydrological methods and habitat simulation method are compared, and combined with the requirements of navigation in Xiaoqing River, the multi-objective ecological flows of the main stream of Xiaoqing River that meet the requirements of fish habitat suitability, hydrological rhythm and navigation are determined. The average annual guarantee rates of multi-objective ecological flow are found to be 98.21%, 83.77% and 80.13% by comparing with the long series measured monthly average flow of the three control sections, while the guarantee rates of Chahe Hydrological Station in June, Shicun Hydrological Station in April and May is significantly lower than the average level, need to be paid more attention to. |
| Key words: Xiaoqing River ecological flow habitat simulation method hydrological method navigation |
