| 摘要: |
| 泄水建筑物下游的消能防冲是保证水利工程安全的重要措施。突然对称扩散水跃是水跃消能的形式之一。分析了突然扩散水跃方程（以下简称突扩水跃方程）以及突扩水跃的水力特性，研究了回流平均水深，认为回流平均水深是跃前和跃后水深的函数，同时又受突扩比的影响，提出了系数α的经验式，并应用动量守恒原理推导了突扩水跃方程，给出了该方程的显式解。试验验证表明，突扩水跃方程显式解与试验结果吻合，显式解与试验结果的平均误差为5.481%，说明该显式解实用可靠，精度高，可用于计算实际工程问题。 |
| 关键词: 突然扩散渠槽 动量原理 水跃方程 共轭水深 回流水深 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TV135.2 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(10872164); 西北旱区生态水利工程国家重点实验室培育基地基金资助项目（2017ZZKT-2） |
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| Explicit solution of hydraulic jump equation for abruptly expanding channel |
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NING Lizhong1, QU Yawei1, NING Bibo2, WANG Xinhong1, TIAN Weili3, LIU Shuang1
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1.State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-hydraulic Engineering in Arid Area， Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an;2.College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing;3.Department of Architecture, Shanghai University, Shanghai
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| Abstract: |
| The energy dissipation and scour prevention in the downstream of the release structures is one of the important measures to ensure the safety of hydroprojects. The abruptly expanding hydraulic jump is one of the forms of the energy dissipation of the hydraulic jump, which is widely applied to the practical hydraulic engineering. Some studies of the equations for the abruptly expanding hydraulic jump and its hydraulic characteristics including the average water depth in the backflow zone are carried out in this research. An empirical formula of coefficient α is suggested based on the assumption of the average depth h23=α(h21+h22) in the backflow zone, and the equation of the abruptly expanding hydraulic jump is derived by the momentum conservation theory, and the explicit solution of the abruptly expanding hydraulic jump is given. The experimental results show that the average error between the explicit solution of the abruptly expanding hydraulic jump equation and the experimental data is 5.481%. Of 90 groups of the experimental data, there are 57 groups with the errors between the explicit solution of the abruptly expanding hydraulic jump equation and the experimental data being less than 5%. Obviously, the explicit solutions of the equation in this paper for the abruptly expanding hydraulic jump are in good agreement with the experimental data. It is proved that the equation in this paper for the explicit solution of the abruptly expanding hydraulic jump is reliable, practical and accurate, and can be applied to solving practical engineering problems. |
| Key words: abruptly expanding channel momentum principle hydraulic jump equation conjugate depth water depth in the backflow zone |
