引用本文:张路,樊恒辉,车雯方,张勇,孟雷,赵宏伟.黑龙江地区渠道基土工程性质试验分析[J].水利水运工程学报,2018,(2):82-89
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黑龙江地区渠道基土工程性质试验分析
张路1, 樊恒辉1, 车雯方1, 张勇1, 孟雷2, 赵宏伟3
1.西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院，陕西杨凌;2.汤原县水务局，黑龙江佳木斯;3.农垦红兴隆管理局水务局，黑龙江双鸭山
摘要:
黑龙江地区广泛分布有水敏性的分散性土和膨胀土，这些特殊土的存在对渠道工程的安全运行造成严重威胁。在分析土样物化性质和矿物成分的基础上，采用多种试验方法对龙头桥、蛤蟆通、引汤灌区渠基土的膨胀性、分散性和力学性质进行了研究，探讨了生石灰对土样分散性和膨胀性的处理效果。试验结果表明：3个灌区的土样均属于膨胀土，其中龙头桥灌区土样的膨胀性较强；蛤蟆通灌区的土样属于分散性土，引汤灌区的土样属于非分散性土；3个灌区土样的抗剪强度不高，黏聚力值为1362~4960 kPa，内摩擦角为10°~245°。由于龙头桥灌区土样的有机质含量很高，该灌区土样的黏聚力比其他两个灌区高，而内摩擦角比其他两个灌区低；低掺量下的生石灰对土样的分散性和膨胀性有较好的改性效果，该方法适用于处理不良渠基。
关键词:  特殊土  渠道工程  分散性土  膨胀性土  工程性质
DOI：
分类号:TV91
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（51379177，51579215）
Experimental analysis of engineering properties of foundation soil of canal works in Heilongjiang area
ZHANG Lu1, FAN Henghui1, CHE Wenfang1, ZHANG Yong1, MENG Lei2, ZHAO Hongwei3
1.College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering， Northwest A & F University， Yangling;2.Water Resources Bureau of Tangyuan， Jiamusi;3.Water Resources Department of Hongxinglong Farm Management Bureau， Shuangyashan
Abstract:
The dispersive soil and expansive soil are widely distributed in Heilongjiang area which are sensitive with water. Those problematic soils can cause serious threat to canal engineering safety. Based on the analysis of physical and chemical properties and mineralogical composition, the expansibility, dispersivity and mechanical properties in Longtouqiao, Hamatong, Tangyuan irrigation canal were studied by swelling ratio tests, crumb tests, pinhole tests, double-hydrometer tests, pore water soluble cations tests, exchangeable sodium percentage tests and direct shear, and futher investigations on the treatment effect of expansibility and dispersivity with lime. The experimental analysis results indicate that, those soils have the expansive properties, and the Longtouqiao soils are the strongest among those soils. The Hamatong soil is the dispersive soil, but the others are not. The shear strength of the soil samples in the three irrigation areas is not high, the cohesions of soil samples in the Longtouqiao irrigation area are higher than others, which is between 13.62 and 49.60 kPa, and the internal friction angles are lower than others which is between 1° and 24.5°for high organic matter content from 12.3 to 15.3 g/kg. There were obvious modification effect with low lime, which could eliminate expansibility and dispersivity. This method could be used for the poor canal foundation treatment.
Key words:  problematic soil  canal engineering  dispersive soil  expansive soil  engineering properties
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