| 摘要: |
| 湛江湾为一半封闭海湾，从2003年开始湛江湾进行了多次围垦造地工程，水域面积已减小3.2%，围填海工程必将造成湛江湾水动力环境的变化。采用平面二维水质数学模型，在对潮位、潮流实测数据验证的基础上，对湛江湾不同年份围填海工程实施后的潮流动力变化进行模拟，对比了湾内流态分布和特征点流速变化，计算了海湾纳潮量的变化，分析了围填海对于湾内水交换能力的整体及局部影响。模拟结果表明，围填海工程对湾内流场的影响仅限工程附近水域，对湛江湾主航道流速影响较小；纳潮量随湾内水域面积的减小而减小，2015年湛江湾纳潮量与2003年相比总体减小3.4％。对于深水区围填尤其是伸入到主流区的围填海工程，由其引起的水动力环境改变和纳潮量变化都比较大，应引起足够重视；湛江湾多年围填海对于工程附近局部水域的水交换能力的影响显著，其中宝满港区由于位于深水区且伸入到主流区，导致水交换率变幅较大，在远期岸线规划应结合污染物治理方案进行。 |
| 关键词: 围填海 水交换 纳潮量 湛江湾 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:P731.2 |
| 基金项目:南京水利科学研究院基金资助项目（Y214001） |
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| Influences of long term reclamation works on hydrodynamic environment in Zhanjiang bay |
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ZHANG Zhi-fei1, ZHU Yu-liang1, HE Jie2
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1.College of Harbor, Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing;2.Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing
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| Abstract: |
| As a semi-closed bay, many reclamation works have been implemented in Zhanjiang bay since the year 2003， so that the water areas have been reduced by 3.2%. The reclamation works must have accumulative influences upon the flow field, tidal prism, water exchange and even the hydrodynamic environments. A two-dimension water quality numerical model is adopted in simulating the variation of tidal dynamics based on verification progress of the measured data concerning tide and tidal current. The changes in topography and coastline of 2003, 2007, 2012 and 2015 are simulated to compare the flow distribution and the feature point velocity variation, and calculate the changes of the tidal prism and the water exchange in the Zhanjiang bay. The analysis results indicate that the reclamation works have great impacts on the waters near the engineering areas, and less on the main channel. The tidal prism in the Zhanjiang bay decreases with the decrease of the water area, and in 2015 it decreases by 3.4% as compared with 2003. The reclamation works in the deep water, especially in the main current, which result in a bigger hydrodynamic environment change and tidal volume change, should be paid more attention to. The long-term reclamation construction in the Zhanjiang bay has obvious impacts on the water exchange near the engineering areas, and the Baoman harbor, which is located in the deep water, especially in the main current， has resulted in great changes of water exchange. The reclamation works should be taken into account in combination with the pollutant control schemes to implement in the long-term shoreline planning in the future. |
| Key words: reclamation works water exchange tidal prism Zhanjiang bay |
