| 摘要: |
| 黄河下游宽滩区既是大洪水期行洪通道，具有滞洪、沉沙功能，又是180多万滩区人民居住场所。如何解决保证滩区群众生命财产安全与自然行滞洪、沉沙功能的发挥这一对矛盾，是治黄工作长期面临的难题之一。通过对比不同滩区运用模式下宽滩区洪水淹没范围、滞洪量和沉沙量，分析宽滩区不同运用模式对滩区滞洪沉沙效果的影响，以期为黄河下游河道治理和宽滩区安全建设提供有力科学依据。研究结果表明，两种洪水条件下无防护堤模式淹没范围均大于防护堤模式；中常洪水条件无防护堤模式滞洪量和沉沙量大于防护堤模式；大洪水条件无防护堤模式总滞洪量稍小于防护堤模式、沉沙量大于防护堤模式；两种洪水条件防护堤模式高村以下窄河段滩区漫滩状况均较无防护堤模式严重。 |
| 关键词: 宽滩区 运用模式 模型试验 滞洪 沉沙 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TV143 |
| 基金项目:国家十二五科技支撑计划项目（2012BAB02B01）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（51479080，51539004） |
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| Effects of detention and desilting for wide floodplain of lower Yellow River using different models |
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LIU Yan, JIANG En-hui, CAO Yong-tao, WAN Qiang, XIA Xiu-jie
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Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research, Zhengzhou
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| Abstract: |
| The wide floodplain of the lower reaches of the Yellow River, where more than 180 million people live， functions as a flood discharge channel with detention and desilting functions in high flood periods. The harnessing work has long faced the problem of how to guarantee the people’s life, property safety, flood detention and desilting in the floodplain. Wether the construction of dikes should be done or not is the focus of the prodem. To build the dikes with sediment detention function, researches were carried out using different models. Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research used the Xiaolangdi to Taochengpu river physical model to study two kinds of flood processes with regulation and non-regulation measures, and used different patterns of flood detention. This paper, by comparing different floodplain models with a wide range of flood inundation, flood detention rate,and settling of sediment, analyses different modes of floodplain detention and desilting and their influences, in order that the study may provide a strong scientific basis. The research results show that the inundation area in the model without protection embankment is more than that with protection embankment under two kinds of flood conditions; the model without protection embankment has greater sediment detention volume than that of the model with protection embankment under the condition of constant flood; the model without protection embankment has a total detention volume slightly less than that of the model with the embankment, and its sand dike has greater detention volume under large floods; the dike pattern of Gaocun below narrow-reach floodplain leads to more serious results under two kinds of flood conditions. |
| Key words: wide beach area application mode model test flood detention desilting |
