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| 悬移质挟沙能力水槽试验研究 |
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范家骅1,陈裕泰2,金德春3,戴清1
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1. 中国水利水电科学研究院,北京,100048
2. 宁夏回族自治区水利厅,宁夏,银川,750001
3. 南京水利科学研究院,江苏,南京,210029
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| 摘要: |
| 利用0.03 mm黄土和卵石碾成粉末制成的0.03 mm人工沙,0.06 mm黄土,0.13 mm黄沙,共计4种沙样,在槽长33 m,宽1.25 m,深0.5 m,可以调节坡度的钢板水槽内按系统试验方法进行饱和含沙量试验.进槽含沙量较高,含沙量沿程降低,底部泥沙淤积,形成沙波,待水流中含沙量在1～2 h内保持不变时,定义为极限或饱和含沙量.每次试验测定含沙量、流速、水深、水面比降、悬沙颗粒级配、槽底泥沙淤积比降、槽底泥沙颗粒级配等数据,探求细粒泥沙在一定条件下的饱和悬沙含量,即悬移质挟沙能力.试验观测及理论分析表明,在恒定均匀水流条件下,浑水悬沙饱和含沙量取决于悬浮泥沙的沉速、水流流速、水深、水力半径、水面比降、底部淤沙粒径各水沙因子.在寻求挟沙能力经验公式中,除水流本身紊动挟沙外,还应考虑底部含沙量,淤沙粒径,包括糙率(沙波高度)和底沙运动,对输沙的影响,所求得的经验公式包括Velikanov公式诸因子以及底沙受水流剪力流速和底沙粒径的比值的因子.天然渠道资料检验说明了公式的适用性. |
| 关键词: 悬沙 饱和含沙量 悬移质挟沙能力公式 浑水均匀流 水槽试验 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TV142.3 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Experimental studies on carrying capacity of suspended load |
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FAN Jia-hua1,CHEN Yu-tai2,JIN De-chun3,DAI Qing1
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FAN Jia-hua1,CHEN Yu-tai2,JIN De-chun3,DAI Qing1(1.China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100048,China,2.Water Resources Department of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,Yinchuan 750001,3.Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210029,China)
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| Abstract: |
| Experiments on the carrying capacity of suspended load were conducted in a flume,33 m long,1.25 m wide,and 0.5 m deep,with adjustable bed slopes.The objective of the experiment is to determine the suspended sediment carrying capacity under specific flow regime and sediment conditions.Four sediment samples of loess and silicon powder(d50=0.03 mm),sand of d50=0.06 mm and 0.13 mm were used in the tests.Systematic test methods were adopted for arranging the test runs.For each run with specific fluid regime,the ... |
| Key words: suspended load saturation sediment concentration suspended sediment carrying capacity formula steady uniform flow laden with suspended load flume experiment |
